Production vehicles are typically fitted with disc brakes. They work by pressing a pair of brake pads against either side of the disc (sometimes called a rotor) that sits inside each wheel, producing enough friction to slow the spin of the tyres.
Brake discs are usually made from cast iron , which is cheap and relatively durable. Brake pads are typically made from a blend of metals, and sometimes organic components such as rubber and fiberglass, too. Almost all of the friction required for braking is produced by the rough surface of the brake pads.
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